1)
Photography was publicly presented to the world at a joint meeting of the Academy of Science and the Academy of Fine Arts in Paris in what year?
a. 1826
b. 1839
c. 1805
d. 1812
2)
2. The Camera Obscura was an optical drawing aid for artists in either room size or box size. The term literally translates as what?
a. indistinct image
b. picture maker
c. dark room
d. shadow play
3)
3. Thomas Wedgwood & Humphrey Davy were British experimenters using light-sensitive materials. They succeeded in doing what?
a. making the first permanent photograph
b. establishing patents valid for all future inventions regarding photography
c. discovering penicillin
d. making fugitive tone-reversed silhouettes of objects laid on their prepared papers after being exposed to light
4)
5)
6. Joseph Nicephore Niepce did NOT invent or improve which of the following
a. a type of bicycle that one propelled with pushing one's feet on the ground
b. an internal combustion engine that powered a boat
c. a way of capturing the optical image of a cmera
d. an early form of the telegraph
6)
Which Frenchman in Brazil in the 1830's invented a form of photography
a. Baron Gros
b. Hippolyte Bayard
c. Victor Hugo
d. Hercules Florence
7)
Which British scientist after hearing that Talbot had chemically fixed the optical image of the camera obscura independently invented his own method of photography in the space of a week?
a. John Herschel
b. Joseph Priestley
c. Thomas Wedgewood
d. James Clerk Maxwell
8)
Which inventor of photography portrayed himself as a drowned man?
a. Walter von der Vogelweide
b. Hippolyte Bayard
c. Etienne de Silhouette
d. Victor Hugo
9)
Which early photographic process created a mania for having one portrait taken
a. direct positive paper prints
b. prints from paper negatives
c. the Daguerreotype
d. lithography using light sensitive bitumen of Judea
10)
"The artist, even in photography, must go beyond discovery and the knowledge of facts. He must create and invet truths and produce new developments of facts" is a quote by which photographer?
a. Albert Sands Southworth
b. Louis-Jacques-Mande Daguerre
c. William Henry Fox Talbot
d. Walter von der Vogelweide
11)
Hill and Adamson made portraits using what photographic process
a. daguerreotype
b. calotype (paper negatives)
c. ambrotype
d. tintype
12)
The Historic Monuments Commission of the French Ministry of the Interior hired photographers to document the conditions of important buildings throughout France. Which photographer was NOT part of the project?
a. Gustave Le Gray
d. Edouard Baldus
c. Henri Le Secq
d. Felix Nadar
13)
Le Gray's dry waxed-paper process for making paper negatives had what adventage?
it could be prepared and kept a week or two before exposure
b. it was less grainy than Talbot's calotype process
c. it could be developed a week or so after exposure
d. all of the above
14)
Before Felix Nadar became a photographer what was his profession?
a. a grocer
d. a administer in the treasury
c. a caricaturist
d. a sailor
15)
Nadar sent his brother Adrien Tournachon to whom in order to learn photography?
a. William Henry Fox Talbot
b. Gustave Le Gray
c. Henri Le Secq
d. Louis-Jacques_Mande Daguerre
16)
Charles Baudelaire thought photography lacked the ability to do what?
a. render artistic pictures of dreams
b. make accurate likeness of a face
c. please the multititude of the population with cheap portraits
d. none of the above
17)
Gustav LeGray established a luxurious portrait studio
a. in the city of Lyon, France
b. on the fashionable rue des Capucines in Paris
in order to photograph the royalty of over ten European countries
d. none of the above
18)
In the early 1840s, French publishers commissioned travelers, writers and archeologists to make Daguerreotypes of Greece, Palestine, & Egypu. They were published in albums by
a. using projected Daguerreotypes as a guide to creating large impressionistic posters
b. etching and engraving the daguerrean image by hand
copying the Daguereeotypes by the calotype process and then making prints
d. none of the above
19)
Maxime Du Camp, writer & amatuer Egyptologist made paper negatives of Egypu, Nubia and the Holy Land between 1849 & 1851, which were later published as original positive prints. He traveled in the company of which soon-to-be famous French writer?
a. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
b. Voltaire
c. Gustave Flaubert
d. Jules Verne
20)
Which photographer was not one of the five photographers chosen by the Commission of Historic Monuments
Felix Nadar
Gustave Le Gray
Henri Le Secq
Edouard Baldus
21)
Although the waxed-paper technique perfected by Gustave Le Gray was not as sharp as the Daguerreotype, many landscape and achitectural photogphers preferred the tehnique. One aesthetic appeal was the elimination of the excessive details into deep shadows. This was called the theory of...
A. sacrifices
b. shadows
c. obscure meanings
d. black holes
22)
Gustave Le Gray became famous as a photographer and teacher of photography. He astounded his colleagues with brilliant series of seascape views. In these photographs he often
a. printed clouds in the sky from other negatives
b. photographed from a small sailboat
c. exposed plates all night long
d. all of the above
23)
War photographers and their publishers in 1850s and 1860s knew..
a. exactly what to expect of their audiences and customers because of what historical paintings of the battles had proved
b. had no precedents to follow in publishing photographs from a war.
c. that the collodion process could guarantee the capture of the most violet battlefield actions
d. that photographers would instantly and completely replace all battlefield and camp sketch artists.
24)
Roger Fenton's photographs as well as those taken by James Robertson..
a. were extremely popular and sold out.
b. were exhibited for decades and permanently installed in Windsor Castle
c. did not sell well and surpluses of prints were actioned off in 1856
d. were never exhibited and their planned publication cancelled
25)
Colonel Jean-Charles Langlois
a. was a painter of battles fought by French armies
b. was a painter of large panoramic displays in addition to easle painting
c. used his own or other photographs to make a 360-degree view of Sebastopol
d. all of the above
26)
Fenton's photographs titled "Valley of the Shadow of Death"
a. is a photograph that inspired Alfred Lord Tennyson to write his famous poem "The Valley of Death"
b. Exists in two versions: one with cannon balls on the road and one without them
c. Was taken almost three years after the war ended
d. All of the Above.
27)
Most photographers working to record the vents and aftermath of battles during the America Civil War were
a. all ranking members of the officer Corps of the Military
b. quasi-official photogaphers who were not paid by the military
c. all foreign photogaphers who remained neutral in conflict
d. all freelancing on their own profit and fame
28)
Mathew Brady began photographic career as
a. a portrait photographer in New York City and Washingto, D.C.
b. a chemist who had invented an improvement for the collodion process
c. all foreign photographers who remained neutral in the conflict.
d. all freelancing on their own profit and fame.
29)
Alexander Gardner who photographed the American Civil War for Mathew Brady and later for himself
a. was originally a photographer from Scotland
b. was captured by the Confederate forces but released
c. re-arranged the scene "Homes of a Rebel Sharpshooter, Gettsyburg," 1863
d. all of the above
30)
4. Which photographer who photogarphed the American West has been active as a photographer in the American Civil War.
a. Timothy O'Sullivan
b. William Henry Jackson
c. Carleton E. Watkins
d. Eadweard Muybridge
31)
U.S Geological Surveys employed photographers, geologists, cartographers, scientists in order to discover
a. mineral wealth and natural resources
b. good routes of tansportation.
c. areas suitable for settlement or defensive outposts
d. all of the above
32)
Clementina Maude, Viscountess Hawrden was
a. a mother of ten children who hired photogaphers to ake pictures of the tableaux vivants she organized for charity events
b. the official photographer for making photographic portraits of Queen Victoria's children
c. a talented amateur photographer whose work was kept in albums until they were discovered and celebrated in the 20th century
d. forced to abandon her photography when she moved to india
33)
Julia Margaret Cameron was
a. born in India and died in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)
b. the daughter of an aristocratic French mother
c. a photographer not afraid to break accepted technical photographic standards
d. all of the above
34)
Julia Margaret Cameron made allegorical photographs of literary subjets using her friends and relatives. One of her sitters in a more standard portrait was
a. Walter con der Vogelweide
b. Napoleon III
c. Victor Hugo
d. Alfred Lord Tennyson
35)
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (aka lewis carroll)
a. took several nude photographs of under-aged girls
b. took many photographi portraits of academics at Oxford
c. used the wet-collodion process
d. all of the above
